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Wednesday's attacks in Tehran targeted the two most significant symbols of the 1979 Revolution the Parliament and the tomb of Ayatollah Khomeini, the founder of the Islamic Republic. The terrorists clearly wanted to send a message to the Iranian state, and they retained the element of surprise. Though it is involved in the fight against the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria, Iran has so far largely remained insulated from the regional crises. The attack, the first major terror incident in Iran in many years, suggests that even the formidable security cover put in place by the elite Revolutionary Guards can be breached by terrorists. The IS immediately claimed responsibility for the attack that killed 12 people. For the IS, Iran is the main adversary in West Asia, for both ideological and strategic reasons. The IS has thrived on antiShia sectarianism and persistently attacked Shia Muslims, mainly in Iraq and Syria. For it, Iran is the embodiment of Shia power in the region. Further, Iran is directly involved in the antiIS fight in Iraq, Irantrained Shia militia groups are in the forefront of the battle for Mosul which has almost liberated the second largest city from the IS; and in Syria, Iran is propping up the regime of Bashar alAssad which the IS wants to overthrow. But the attacks and the Iranian reaction must also be seen in the context of heightened Saudi ArabiaIran rivalry. The Iranian Revolutionary Guards has said in a statement that Saudi Arabia and the U.S. are involved in the attack. This is a serious allegation to make, and risks escalating tensions between Riyadh and Tehran. The attack is yet another reminder that no country in West Asia is free from the threat posed by terrorists, and that the region has a collective responsibility to fight
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