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While
activists
are
celebrating
the
Union
government's
decision
to
ban
344
"irrational"
fixed
dose
combinations,
there
is
another
looming
crisis
that
deserves
attention:
The
unregulated
availability
and
irrational
use
of
beneficial
drugs.
Last
month,
the
National
Centre
for
Disease
Control
revealed
that
over
70%
of
the
population
has
become
resistant
to
common
antibiotics
and
about
20%
to
Carbapenems,
the
most
sophisticated
and
broadest
form
of
antibiotics
that
are
used
in
exceptional
situations.
Such
unfettered
use
of
medications
affects
not
only
those
take
them
but
also
others.
Researchers
at
the
All
India
Institute
of
Medical
Sciences
have
found
antibiotics
in
water
samples
collected
from
the
Yamuna
in
quantities
high
enough
to
cause
drug
resistance
among
people
who
drink
the
water.
These
contaminants
were
no
simple
formulations;
they
included
fluoroquinolone
that
is
used
to
treat
respiratory
and
urinary
tract
infections,
and
macrolides
and
penicillin,
both
broad-spectrum
antibiotics
used
for
a
large
range
of
bacterial
infections
such
as
pneumonia,
scarlet
and
rheumatic
fevers.
The
first
State
of
the
World's
Antibiotics
Report
published
by
the
Washington-based
Centre
for
Disease
Dynamics,
Economics
and
Policy
last
year
found
that
country
annually
popped
the
highest
number
of
antibiotic
pills—
13
billion
as
against
10
billion
in
China
and
seven
billion
in
the
US.
The
reasons
behind
such
overuse
include
oversight
and
rampant
corruption
the
11,000-odd
companies
have
approval
to
manufacture
70,000
medicines
and
these
are
distributed
with
little
regulatory
control
through
a
network
of
pharmacies
that
stretch
into
the
vast
country
side.
Some
years
ago,
the
Indian
Retail
Druggists
and
Chemists
Association
claimed
that
there
are
5,
50,000
pharmacies
but
recent
estimates
say
the
number
is
6,
43,000.
Many
of
these
run
without
a
licence
and
registration
and
so
it
is
difficult
to
track
the
sales.
A
mapping
survey
conducted
in
2013
in
West
Champaran
district
of
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